grassy narrows water crisis

the group carried homemade signs saying “Justice for Azraya.” They slowed traffic, demanding a coroner’s inquest. from the facility. The Journal Grassy Narrows: Community in crisis This clip from The Journal looks at the troubling violence, addiction and despair afflicting the tiny reserve town of Grassy Narrows, just north of Kenora, Ontario. Water crisis in Indigenous Communities Across Canada . Anishinaabe grandmothers sang a traditional mourning song, their drums echoing the rhythm of a heartbeat in the damp spring air. three days. Darwin has difficulty with his balance, and A recent health study demonstrates the depths of the health crisis experienced by the Grassy Narrows First Nation as the result of mercury poisoning, including learning disabilities and nervous system disorders among youth born long after the initial disaster. “I’ve been in really dark places,” said Kyra Sinclair, “and I don’t want our younger generations to ever feel like that.”, Grassy Narrows youth enjoying the outdoors. I felt happy being there but at the same time I was crying so bad because I just felt so overwhelmed We probably are, already, and we don’t know what’s going to happen because nobody is helping,” said Chayna Loon, one of Azraya’s cousins. But advocates say clear-cutting will mean more mercury in the water system — which has already poisoned 90 per cent of Grassy Narrows residents. This was news to Azraya’s family. “I just want to be there for them. (Ed Ou/CBC), “When the land is exploited by industrial development, they are killing our medicines. The social crisis there intensified despite — some say because of — the good intentions of governments and "do-gooders," as described by reporter Keith Morrison. The disease is named for the Japanese town where more than 100 people died after eating fish contaminated with mercury released into a lake by a chemical plant in the 1950s. Keewatin was held at the Kenora jail, where she went into medical distress. The federal government’s response underscores the severity of the water crisis, which extends far beyond Grassy Narrows. A former chief, skilled hunter and devoted advocate for his community, he now has difficulty standing and swallowing. Half a century after mercury contamination near Grassy Narrows First Nation, the poisoning continues to have deadly consequences — especially for youth, By Jody Porter Keewatin’s two sons, Elvis, 24, and Morris, 29, died in 1992 while trying to swim to shore after police took their boat, leaving them stranded on an island. (Ed Ou/CBC), Azraya's father, Marlin Kokopenace, far left, her mother, Christa Ackabee, second from left, and her brother Braeden, holding the sign, were in Kenora that day. In April, family and friends of Azraya Ackabee-Kokopenace gathered in Kenora, Ont., for a vigil marking the first anniversary of her death. Our forthcoming print edition will further investigate the remediation plans of Dr. Rudd and his team. It’s not the right way I want to be. when we started the blockade, but they heard the message.”. When Azraya was struggling with her brother Calvin’s death, she asked her parents to put her in the care of a child welfare agency in Kenora so she could receive counselling. Steve Fobister is among the select few who have received any compensation at all; Azraya’s brother Calvin also got some money before he died. that anyone at Grassy Narrows has been poisoned — only that some people experience symptoms of Minamata disease. The fur trade economy transformed Ojibwe social organization and resource use. Still, that future can be hard to see when your vision is clouded with tears. Residents in Grassy Narrows must use bottled water, because the tap water is unsafe to drink. “We’re trying to fight and we’re trying to save That’s when the trouble started. (Ed Ou/CBC), Gazing at the northern lights. I suffer every day.”, Steve Fobister, sitting on the seat of his walker, lives with his daughter and grandchildren. The lucrative fishing tourism industry near Grassy Narrows also crashed as a result September 17, 2019. (Ed Ou/CBC), ©2017 CBC/Radio-Canada. police are part of it.”. blockade against logging on traditional territory. “She meant so much to this whole in most homes at Grassy Narrows. Azraya’s last interactions were with Ontario Provincial Police in Kenora and possibly staff at the hospital, where police say they dropped her off two days earlier. More. Grassy Narrows members are welcoming safe drinking water in their community. that it could facilitate the commission of an unlawful act and that the personal information in the case was highly sensitive. The improved water treatment system now provides the community with clean and safe drinking water. While Judy DaSilva and Steve Fobister fought mainly for environmental justice, the battle for the next generation is largely about social justice. I hope more of the young people would do the same.”. The federal government has not heeded that call. We seem to be following the money trail One of the reasons the water crisis on Indigenous reserves has not been addressed is because the government does not regulate the water quality on reserves, like the rest of Canada (Human Rights Watch, 2017). Dryden Chemical had dumped more than 20,000 pounds of mercury into the Wabigoon. Home. They said that he had neurological problems and he died in a very sad way,” Fobister said. no inquest. The payment “doesn’t even meet my nutritional needs,” said Fobister. “It may not bring her back, but it’s our only way to cope with everyday life.”. feeling.”, Steve Fobister believes the clearest path to healing is for young people to reconnect with their culture. Azraya’s parents, Christa Ackabee and Marlin Kokopenace, had arrived with a small group that marched through the streets of Kenora in the hope that the anniversary would add weight to their call for answers. I want them to see there’s a future coming towards them.”. THE CANADIAN PRESS/Colin … We are the caretakers.”, Judy DaSilva, second from right, with youth around the sacred fire at the Slant Lake blockade site that DaSilva has helped maintain for more than a decade. It’s not clear whether a worker from Anishinaabe Abinoojii Family Services was with her at the hospital before she walked “I feel like we have not been able to accommodate the people that are sick,” said Fobister. Asubpeechoseewagong Netum Anishinabek (Grassy Narrows First Nation) has recently completed upgrades to its water treatment system. Taking Action. In addition, large patrilineal clans divide… The 22-year-old was in a coma for First, there WATER CRISIS. now.”, Darwin Fobister, Steve's grandson, has difficulty with his balance, problems with memory and concentration and suffers from extreme headaches. “Ever since we lost Azraya, I’ve always been thinking of making a song for her and explaining how beautiful she was and how positive she was to the people,” said Darwin Fobister. In the 1960s and ‘70s, industrial pollution contaminated the water in Grassy Narrows (Asubpeeschoseewagong) with mercury, making it one of Canada’s worst environmental disasters. “My sister was too young to go at this time and I believe “He’ll never be normal,” said Steve Fobister. shot to death by her boyfriend; a 16-year-old classmate was charged with stabbing her boyfriend to death in self-defence; another 15-year-old had frozen to death walking home from a party. Frustrated by the silence, the young people at Grassy Narrows are turning to music to raise awareness about Azraya’s death. Grassy Narrows, approximately 500 kilometres northwest of Thunder Bay, has a long history with unsafe drinking water. “He might just end up being like me, not being able to walk and not being able to provide for myself the daily routine it requires to be normal. “I want the youth to see there’s a greater thing they can turn to. Years of government inaction have resulted in the birth of generations of activists. Ancestors of the northern Ojibwe are thought to have originally inhabited the north shore of the upper Great Lakes. We struggle to make those appointments. Narrows Youth Organization. In 1983, a CBC documentary declared Grassy Narrows a community “on the verge of collapse.” It showed a picture of the Grade 8 class that year, and detailed the horrific fate of some of the students. “These past few generations, it has been getting worse for us,” said 17-year-old Chayna Loon. Azraya’s friends and family say that finding answers about how she died will help get young people in Grassy Narrows back on track. Azraya’s friends say it starts with winning the fight for an inquest into her death, The Problem. “Mr. If Azraya was suicidal the It often requires him to hold his lower jaw with his thumb to reduce the shaking long enough to form words. “We know the police don’t care about us,” she said. Friends and family believe it was Azraya’s quest for help in dealing with her grief that led her to Kenora. Police and hospital officials refuse to answer questions about “They want to see things. rare. by mercury specialists. intoxication, but may have failed to notice she’d been injured. and I just needed to let go of everything.”, Looking out over the lake in Grassy Narrows. Grassy Narrows members don't have to use bottled water anymore. (Ed Ou/CBC). “Environmental racism has to stop,” DaSilva said. with her grief. In the Neskantaga First Nation, undrinkable water is a crisis of health and faith. Many Chiefs of Indigenous communities believe that people on reserves do not deserve a “substandard” quality of life (Human Rights Watch, 2017). I want to help because nobody deserves to go through what’s going on.”, Azraya's friend Chayna Loon, second from right, takes part in a sacred ceremony. Police had picked her up for public to the board are denied, according to a 2014 report from the board’s chair. In July, Lorenda started crowdsourcing a reward for information about the attack in the belief that police were ignoring the case. He leans heavily She died nearby. After one year under a boil-water advisory, Grassy Narrows declared an official state of emergency in August 2015 due to the unsafe drinking water. But health services are limited to a small nursing station, and mental health counselling on the reserve is nearly non-existent. During the 1960s and early ‘70s, the chemical plant at the Reed Paper mill in Dryden, Ont., which is upstream of Grassy Narrows, dumped 9,000 kilograms of mercury into the English-Wabigoon River. If that is the case, there are questions her father, Marlin Kokopenace, wants answered. “We seem to have forgotten that. (Ed Ou/CBC). (Ed Ou/CBC). (Ed Ou/CBC). The Grassy Narrows story. I don’t want them to turn towards the bad things, in bad places,” said Darwin, who heads the Grassy All this came shortly after the community was relocated to a reserve, lured by the promise of better services, such as clean drinking water. Alex Neve, Secretary General of Amnesty International Canada, said, “The latest community health study on the Grassy Narrows First Nation is an indictment of the appalling history of government inaction and indifference. “I feel like the ceremonies heal us and me, especially,” she said. said the recent focus on remediating the river does not address the lingering issue of health care. On the anniversary of Azraya’s death, the Lake of the Woods District Hospital issued a statement expressing condolences, but like police, officials there refused to answer any questions about what happened the night she walked away My research question began as: how might we treat the patients suffering from mercury poisoning in Grassy Narrows. Azraya’s aunt Lorenda Kokopenace said her son Christian was stabbed in the head last October, only hours after being released from police custody. 1969-70: High levels of mercury are discovered in the water and fish downriver from the plant. A CBC report noted that the community’s water plant was more than 10 years old and had never functioned properly, but the First Nation could not afford to fix it since no funding was available from the federal government at the time. That’s all anyone knows for sure. “I have so much to share. what happened that night. Still, they fight. (Ed Ou/CBC), A moment of levity in the studio. More than a year later, no one seems to know how she got there. Japanese scientists have been studying people at Grassy Narrows and neighbouring Wabaseemoong (Whitedog) First Nation for decades, and in 2014 urged the federal government to provide care and financial support to every resident in the “Knowing To this date, there is still no safe tap water We just want something done and to move forward.”, Chayna Loon in the make-shift recording studio set up in the Trapper's Lodge in Grassy Narrows. that [Calvin] went through that, it makes everybody sad. I urge immediate action by the Federal government to repair, upgrade, and maintain Grassy Narrows’ drinking water system. In the 1960s and ‘70s, industrial pollution contaminated the water in Grassy Narrows (Asubpeeschoseewagong) with mercury, making it one of Canada’s worst environmental disasters. Ninety per cent of the population in Grassy Narrows experiences symptoms of mercury poisoning, which include neurological problems ranging from numbness in fingers and toes to seizures and cognitive delays, according to a recent study “If the government says no, just like that, I’d fight like hell to demand that I have it my way, even if I have to lay my life on the line,” said the then-31-year-old Fobister. Grassy Narrow’s fight for clean water began almost immediately after the discovery of mercury in the water. In Canada, there are 3 types of water advisories: Boil Water Advisories/Orders, Do Not Consume Advisories/Orders, and Do Not Use Advisories/Orders. Darwin hopes his work on the video will not only rally support but also help him grow into a career producing music. (Ed Ou/CBC). That, in turn, would give meaning to their own struggles. Since the 1970s, the people of Grassy Narrows in Ontario, Canada, have fought for access to clean water. of the contamination. The fur trade shifted this practice toward trapping smaller animals and trading their furs. often has the sensation that he’s going to fall forward. Her death has become an emblem of the social devastation that followed the environmental destruction at Grassy Narrows, leaving many to wonder: If a child’s plea for help can go unanswered and the details of her death can remain Early protests led to the arrival of the Japanese researchers, who established the human health consequences Kyra Sinclair imagines living her life away from the toxic past in Grassy Narrows. (Ed Ou/CBC), Kyra Sinclair, left, plays with her daughter while friends and family look on. The girl with the bright smile had just turned 14 when she left her family in Grassy Narrows First Nation in northwestern Ontario last spring in search of someone — or something — to ease her overwhelming grief. On April 17, 2016, Azraya was found dead in a wooded area just across the road from Lake of the Woods District Hospital in Kenora, Ont., 90 kilometres south of Grassy Narrows. away into the woods. Azraya Ackabee-Kokopenace wanted help. For almost 50 years, the people of Grassy Narrows have fought to make the government aware of their crisis. She wants to go back so she can graduate and make a better life for herself and her baby daughter. It’s the youngsters Fobister worries about the most. into their deaths recommended that police have better resources and training to understand the history of Grassy Narrows First Nation and deal more appropriately with community members when they find them in distress in Kenora. Azraya's brother Braeden in a tender moment with his girlfriend, Paris Meekis. The fish in the river were full But Steve Fobister the land because that’s who we are.”, Steve Fobister said he tries to impart his traditional knowledge and Anishinaabe worldview in his conversations with Darwin. The community had been dealing with three boil water advisories, with some unable to use drinking water for seven years. Once ingested, mercury never goes away. Photos by Ed Ou. He arrived on Grassy Narrows with a Japanese delegation in 1975 and stayed for years documenting the residents' plight. The federal government is taking important steps to address the First Nations drinking water crisis, but falls short of the strides needed to realize its crucial promise. Neither the companies, the governments nor the disability board has ever admitted A spokesperson for Ontario Provincial Police told CBC News that no internal investigations have resulted from any officer's conduct involving Azraya, but wouldn't say if the teen was in custody on the night she disappeared. Nearly 75 per cent of the claims sent Some of the people in He plans to go to college and return to Grassy Narrows to help other young people express themselves in song. “She was a nice, innocent, sweet girl. “I’m losing myself, I can feel it. Chief Rudy Turtle says they got $5.2 million from Indigenous Services Canada and $1 million dollars from the province, so they could lift boil water advisories that had been in place for seven years since 2013, as well as extend service to new parts of the community. (Ed Ou/CBC). He is healthy, handsome and energetic, as yet unmarred by the mercury — but making the same demands for compensation he does today. The OPP won’t answer questions about the incident. “They have to go to appointments in Winnipeg with a neurologist just about every month. He also has problems with memory and concentration and suffers from extreme headaches. Grassy Narrows. Young women sing an ethereal chorus over an electronic beat while Darwin and other young men rap verses with uplifting Everyone seems to ignore the ailments [associated with] the mercury problems. As of January 2016, drinking water advisories were in effect in 85 First Nations communities across Canada, with the majority in Ontario. “What is there for the people that are crippled with mercury symptoms? “I felt like I was needed there. While thousands of Indigenous peoples are impacted by this injustice, many Canadians are unaware of the health concerns related to water contamination. This past April, on the first anniversary of her death, Azraya’s parents attended a vigil and wept quietly by the tree where their daughter’s body was discovered. was an altercation with a police officer outside the arena in Kenora, which was caught on video. “Knowing how Calvin died, we could all be dying. path.”, Girls in traditional Anishinaabe ribbon skirts head to a traditional ceremony. It’s a world Azraya went in search of — a place her friends still want to believe exists. of poison, and the people from Grassy Narrows, who relied on the fish as a staple in their diet, were full of it, too. in the still lake nearby. Violence and a distrust of police keep spreading. Candles flickered in the pink evening light, perfectly reflected A week later, when CBC asked why the family had not been informed of the decision, the coroner’s office had a new answer: Azraya’s case would be reviewed by an internal inquest advisory committee in September. Jul. Azraya’s family and friends have been pushing for an inquest. Grassy Narrows Water Crisis Kiera, Robyn, Ashley, Christiana About Grassy Narrows Where Is Grassy Narrows? “I can’t afford anything that would (Ed Ou/CBC). Sixty-five-year-old Steve Fobister is among the hardest hit by the mercury poisoning in Grassy Narrows. Due to the high number of reserves experiencing 1 or more of these advisories, people have spent their whole lives without clean water, therefore having to drink from water bottles shipped from the government (Human Rights Watch, 2017). Operates a self government and is responsible for the day to day operations of the First Nation Community members conduct most shopping and business affairs in the city of Kenora Provides a community store called JB's Store which also serves as the Canada She was later declared dead in hospital. Medical In July, the provincial coroner’s office told CBC News that its investigation was complete but that its reports would not be made public and that there would be “I feel like the younger people are the ones who are going through a tougher time,” Chayna said. Fobister receives $250 a month, the lowest amount granted through the Mercury Disability Board. 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